Shmuel Even, who earned his Sc.D. at the Technion and the University of Haifa, is an economist and a senior research fellow at INSS. As the owner of Multi Concept (Consultants) Ltd., Dr. Even is involved in business research and consulting in the fields of business, management, and strategy. Previously Dr. Even served as the head of the Tnuva group; as a partner in a banking investment company; and as a financial consultant to leading companies in Israel. Dr. Even retired from the IDF with the rank of colonel, following a long career in the IDF’s Intelligence Branch. Dr. Even’s fields of research at INSS include: the Israeli economy; intellectual prperty; the gas and oil markets; national security strategy; defense expenditures; cyber issues; intelligence; the political process with the Palestinians; and more. Among his recent monographs: The Intelligence Community – Where To? (with Amos Granit, 2009); and Cyber Warfare: Concepts, Trends, and Implications for Israel (with David Siman-Tov, 2011).